<p> 　　是否留下好印象對成功與否至關重要。就算英文還可以，由于緊張也可能發揮不好。更何況，有些情況不是英文本身的錯誤，而是是否選擇了適當的詞在適當的時候說出來。</p> <p> 　　面試的英文需要運用一系列比較詞匯，并且善用幾種時態，如說明過去的工作要用過去時，以前取得的成績要用過去完成時等等。這里我們就講講什么時候該說什么。</p> <p> 　　當你走進雇主的辦公室，先介紹自己，握手，微笑很重要。此后句話往往是打開局面的，通常面試人員會問：</p> <p> 　　How are you today?</p> <p> 　　Did you have any trouble finding us?</p> <p> 　　What do you think of the weather lately?</p> <p> 　　他們的語調可能會很友好，因為他們也希望你放松，盡量發揮你自己的水平。這時候你要有簡單爽快而有禮貌的回應，如：</p> <p> 　　對方問：How are you today?</p> <p> 　　好的回答是：I&#39;m fine thank you, and you? 或 I&#39;m well thank you.</p> <p> 　　不好的回答是：So, so 或 OK 或Not so well</p> <p> 　　面試過程中重要的部分是表述自己的學歷，工作經驗和資歷。這些是和你應聘工作直接相關的。</p> <p> 　　學歷方面：記住你的學歷是在以前完成的，要用過去時態。例如：</p> <p> 　　I attended the University of Beijing from 1990 to 1993.</p> <p> 　　I graduated with a degree in civic engineering.</p> <p> 　　如果你現在還是學生，那么應用現在時態，例如：</p> <p> 　　I am currently studying at the University of York and will graduate with a degree in Economics in the coming spring.</p> <p> 　　I am studying English at the Seneca Community College.</p> <p> 　　記得要告訴雇主，你仍然在不斷改善你的英語，比如你每周還上幾小時的英語課。因為英文不是你的母語，他們對此可能會有顧慮。</p> <p> 　　工作經驗和資歷無疑是面試中重要的部分。所以雇主很想知道個中的許多細節。雇主想知道你到底做過什么，做得好不好。因此你不要謙虛，把好的成績和方面表達出來。</p> <p> 　　當談到你目前在做的工作時你可以用現在完成進行時，表示你不但一直在這樣做，而且將來也會持續下去：</p> <p> 　　ABC Engineering Inc. have employed me for the last 3 years as a salesperson. I have been creating customer contacts for 6 months.</p> <p> 　　但談到以前的工作時用過去時：</p> <p> 　　I was employed by Jackson&#39;s Ltd. from 1995 to 1997 as a office manager.</p> <p> 　　I worked as a production supervisor at the Heitz while I was living in New York.</p> <p> 　　當談及以前的工作成績和表現，盡量用一些主動的，積極的，令人印象深刻的動詞，比用名詞或者系動詞詞組效果好。比如與其說My job is to assist the senior scientist with unit testing不如說I assisted the senior scientist with unit testing.與其說I was responsible for the business needs analysis不如說I analyzed the business needs.</p> <p> 　　以下是一些非常好的動詞來幫助你表達你干得多好：</p> <p> 　　acted accomplished adapted administered advanced</p> <p> 　　advised allocated analyzed applied approved</p> <p> 　　arbitrated arranged assisted attained blended brought</p> <p> 　　built carried out catalogued changed classified collaborated</p> <p> 　　compared completed computed conceived conducted</p> <p> 　　constructed consulted contracted controlled cooperated</p> <p> 　　coordinated corrected counseled created dealt</p> <p> 　　decided decreased defined delegated derived</p> <p> 　　designated detected developed devised</p> <p> 　　directed discovered distributed documented</p> <p> 　　doubled edited encouraged engineered</p> <p> 　　enlarged escalated established estimated</p> <p> 　　evaluated examined expanded experienced</p> <p> 　　explored facilitated finalized formulated</p> <p> 　　founded functioned governed grouped</p> <p> 　　guided handled harmonized harnessed</p> <p> 　　headed identified implemented improved</p> <p> 　　increased indexed initiated inspected</p> <p> 　　installed instituted interpreted introduced</p> <p> 　　invented investigated justified led</p> <p> 　　localized located made managed</p> <p> 　　maintained mechanized merged moderated</p> <p> 　　motivated negotiated opened operated</p> <p> 　　organized originated overcame perceived</p> <p> 　　performed pioneered planned prepared</p> <p> 　　presented presided processed programmed</p> <p> 　　promoted provided purchased raised</p> <p> 　　recommended recorded recruited rectified</p> <p> 　　redesigned repaired replaced restored</p> <p> 　　reversed reviewed revised saved</p> <p> 　　screened selected serviced set up</p> <p> 　　solved sorted sparked specified</p> <p> 　　started stimulated strengthened summarized</p> <p> 　　supervised supported systematized tested</p> <p> 　　trained transacted transcribed transformed</p> <p> 　　tripled upgraded validated varied</p> <p> 　　verified vitalized won wrote</p> <p> 　　而這些是一些很好的形容詞來形容你的工作能力和個性品德：</p> <p> 　　accurate</p> <p> 　　active</p> <p> 　　adaptable</p> <p> 　　adept</p> <p> 　　broad-minded</p> <p> 　　competent</p> <p> 　　conscientious</p> <p> 　　creative</p> <p> 　　dependable</p> <p> 　　determined</p> <p> 　　diplomatic</p> <p> 　　discreet</p> <p> 　　efficient</p> <p> 　　energetic</p> <p> 　　enterprising</p> <p> 　　enthusiastic</p> <p> 　　experienced</p> <p> 　　fair</p> <p> 　　firm</p> <p> 　　genuine</p> <p> 　　honest</p> <p> 　　innovative</p> <p> 　　logical</p> <p> 　　loyal</p> <p> 　　mature</p> <p> 　　methodical</p> <p> 　　motivated</p> <p> 　　objective</p> <p> 　　outgoing</p> <p> 　　personable</p> <p> 　　pleasant</p> <p> 　　positive</p> <p> 　　practical</p> <p> 　　productive</p> <p> 　　reliable</p> <p> 　　resourceful</p> <p> 　　self disciplined</p> <p> 　　sense of humor</p> <p> 　　sensitive</p> <p> 　　sincere</p> <p> 　　successful</p> <p> 　　tactful</p> <p> 　　trustworthy</p> <p> 　　上一期我們討論了面試英文的基本要求，這次我們來談談面試中常問的題目以及如何對答為妥。</p> <p> 　　問: Tell me about yourself.</p> <p> 　　答: I was born and raised in Dalian, China. I attended the University of Beijing and received my master&#39;s degree in Economics. I have worked for 5 years as a financial consultant in Beijing for various companies including Rossi Consultants, People&#39;s Insurance of China and Pepsi. I enjoy playing soccer in my free time and traveling.</p> <p> 　　答: I&#39;ve just graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in Computers Science. During the summers, I worked as a systems administrator for a small company to help pay for my education.</p> <p> 　　評語: 這個問題的目的是想大概地了解你，所以無需講太多細節的東西。你的回答通常會幫助面試官決定下個問題問什么。除了給對方一個整體的印象，重要的是著重講和工作有關的經驗。工作經驗是大多數面試中重要的環節，比學歷更重要。</p> <p> 　　問: What type of position are you looking for?</p> <p> 　　答: I&#39;m interested in an entry level (beginning) position.</p> <p> 　　答: I&#39;m looking for a position in which I can utilize my experience.</p> <p> 　　答: I would like any position for which I qualify.</p> <p> 　　評語:對于一個英語非母語的申請人，許多公司期望你能從低做起，慢慢彌補語言方面的不足。就算你以前很成功有多年經驗，也應當有這個心理準備。</p> <p> 　　問: Are you interested in a full-time or part-time position?</p> <p> 　　答: I am more interested in a full-time position. However, I would also consider a part-time position.</p> <p> 　　評語: 盡量留較大的余地爭取機會。因為工作拿到了，以后的事情就容易把握，主動性大多了。</p> <p> 　　問: Can you tell me about your responsibilities at your last job?</p> <p> 　　答: I advised customers on financial matters. After I consulted the customer, I completed a customer inquiry form and catalogued the information in our database. I then collaborated with colleagues to prepare the best possible package for the client. The clients were then presented with a summarized report on their financial activities that I formulated on a quarterly basis.</p> <p> 　　評語: 提到過往工作經驗時，注意越詳細越好。新移民容易犯的錯誤之一是講過去經歷時太過籠統。雇主是想知道你到底做什么以及你做得怎么樣，你講得越詳細，他們就越能知道你是否在行。你可以換著用一些不同的詞匯來形容，而且盡量不要每句話都用&ldquo;I&rdquo;開頭。記得用過去時態。</p> <p> 　　問: What is your greatest strength?</p> <p> 　　答: I work well under pressure. When there is a deadline (a time by which the work must be finished), I can focus on the task at hand (current project) and structure my work schedule well. I remember one week when I had to get 6 new customer reports out by Friday at 5. I finished all the reports ahead of time without having to work overtime.</p> <p> 　　答: I am an excellent communicator. People trust me and come to me for advice. One afternoon, my colleague was involved with a troublesome (difficult) customer who felt he was not being served well. I made the customer a cup of coffee and invited both my colleague and the client to my desk where we solved the problem together.</p> <p> 　　答: I am a trouble shooter. When there was a problem at my last job, the manager would always ask me to solve it. Last summer, the LAN server at work crashed. The manager was desperate and called me in (requested my help) to get the LAN back online. After taking a look at the daily backup, I detected the problem and the LAN was up and running (working) within the hour.</p> <p> 　　評語: 不用謙虛，充滿自信地把自己好的方面都抖出來。記得要給一些具體的例子，舉例時變化用詞。</p> <p> 　　問: What is your greatest weakness?</p> <p> 　　答: I am overzealous (work too hard) and become nervous when my co-workers are not pulling their weight (doing their job). However, I am aware of this problem, and before I say anything to anyone, I ask myself why the colleague is having difficulties.</p> <p> 　　答: I tend to spend too much time making sure the customer is satisified. However, I began setting time-limits for myself If I noticed this happening.</p> <p> 　　評語: 這其實是一個很巧妙的問題，你要講得出一個其實是優點的缺點。比如工作太認真啦，對自己對人要求很高啦，工作很追求不錯啦，等等。在講到缺點后要記得說你一直在致力于改善。</p> <p> 　　問:Why do you want to work for us?</p> <p> 　　答: After following your firms progress for the last 3 years, I am convinced that Smith and Sons are becoming one of the market leaders and I would like to be part of the team.</p> <p> 　　答: I am impressed by the qualitiy of your products. I am sure that I would be a convincing salesman because I truly believe that the Atomizer is the best product on the market today.</p> <p> 　　評語: 對這個問題你要事前做研究，通過看公司網站，其他有關信息等。越了解公司，對你越有利。</p> <p> 　　問: When can you begin?</p> <p> 　　答: Immediately.</p> <p> 　　答: As soon as you would like me to begin.</p> <p> 　　評語: 充分表示你想要工作!</p> <p> 　　以上只是一些基本的面試問答。對于英語非母語的人來說，重要和難的是用英語講述大量細節，尤其是復雜的細節。然而，雇主是很有必要知道你能否把工作范疇內的細節表達清楚，這對你是否勝任至關重要。不要太過擔心語法問題。用詞夠多，內容夠細，不影響理解，語法往往不是那么重要。</p> <p> 　　面試時招聘人員總會問你：&quot;Do you have any questions?&quot;以前我們講過，面試十七大忌中其中一忌就是用&quot;nothing&quot;來回答這個問題。問什么問題，對你的印象分有幫助，顯示你是一個用心的人。一般來說，圍繞著這些話題來問比較得體：</p> <p> 　　the competitive environment in which the organization operates 公司營運所處的競爭環境</p> <p> 　　executive management styles 管理高層的風格</p> <p> 　　what obstacles the organization anticipates in meeting its goals 公司在達到其目標過程中預計會遇到什么障礙</p> <p> 　　how the organization&#39;s goals have changed over the past three to five years 公司的經營方向在過去三到五年內有什么變化</p> <p> 　　次面試，或者在雙方未有確定的意向以前，除非是已經到了簽OFFER的階段，好不要問待遇如何。那樣顯得你更關心公司能為你做什么，而不是你為公司能做什么。</p> <p> 　　具體來說，你可以問以下問題：</p> <p> 　　1. What are the main objectives and responsibilities of the position?</p> <p> 　　2. How does the company expect these objectives to be met?</p> <p> 　　3. What obstacles are commonly encountered in reaching these objectives?</p> <p> 　　4. What is the desired time frame for reaching the objectives?</p> <p> 　　5. What resources are available from the company and what must be found elsewhere to reach the objectives?</p> <p> 　　上次我們講了在面試時可以問招聘人員的問題，主要是圍繞著對該公司，該行業的認識和發展來提問。這次我們來看看哪些問題是可以探測面試官對這次面試的印象以及有沒有下一步安排。</p> <p> 　　1. Have you had a chance to review my resume?</p> <p> 　　別以為這是個多余的問題，事實上，不少的面試人員事前并沒有看過應聘者的簡歷，就匆匆忙忙開始了面談。他們一邊面試一邊看你的簡歷。這個問題是個開場白，如果他們沒有看過你的簡歷，通常也不會承認，可能會說：&quot; I haven&#39;t had the chance to review it in details as I would like to.&quot;(其實就是一次也沒看過。)不要為此懊喪，沒看過的話，正好可以說，&quot;well, maybe it is helpful for me to talk about the highlights of my qualifications.&quot; 就好象一個銷售人員在推銷產品之前，總是問&ldquo;你對這個產品有什么認識/了解嗎?&rdquo;然后再開始自己的陳述。即使他們說已經看過你的簡歷，你一樣可以說：&quot;So let me talk about the highlights of my qualifitions.&quot;</p> <p> 　　2. Is there anything else I can tell you about my qualifications?</p> <p> 　　有可能的話，盡量用&quot;qualifications&quot;代替&quot;experience&quot;。前者代表了取得的成績，更加突出了你是有才之士，相比之下后者比較中性，被動。問這個問題，有益無害，面試官說Yes，你就有更多的機會把好的料子亮出來。越能讓對方說Yes，你在他們眼中就越有價值，留下的印象越深。這是在初次和第二次面試中值得問的問題(假設面試總共有三次的話)。</p> <p> 　　3. I&#39;ve read the job description, of course, but how would you describe the nature and duties of this job?</p> <p> 　　乍看這個問題顯得明知故問，其實不然。你對這份工作有你的理解，而招聘人員也許有他自己的看法，和登出來的招聘要求并不一樣。通過他們對這份工作的描述，至少你可以聽出來什么是重要的，什么是招聘廣告里面沒提到的。那么借此發揮：&quot;I am glad to hear that maintaining customer relationship is a great part of this position. I am very customer-focused and always keep their needs in mind.&quot; 假設你在第二次面試中和另一個面試人員談，那么可以再次問這個問題：&quot;I&#39;ve spoken to Mr. Smith about the responsibilities involved in this job. What&#39;s your take on the most important aspects of this position?&quot;</p> <p> 　　4. What are the major chanllenges that you staff is facing right now?</p> <p> 　　這個問題有雙重目的。個目的就是看看自己對公司面臨的問題能否提出自己的意見和看法，來表面自己是一個善于解決問題的人。第二個目的就是如果這家公司真的存在著問題，你要考慮是否要加入。</p> <p> 　　5. What results would you like to see me produce?</p> <p> 　　問這個問題，顯示出你的心態是&quot;do a job&quot;，真正的干活，不是混口飯吃。不管對方說什么，你都可以接著說：&quot;This is what you expect, this is what I will do.&quot; 可以對新的面試官重復同樣的問題。</p> <p> 　　6. What do you consider ideal experience of this position?</p> <p> 　　這個問題的目的是衡量自己的資歷水平和對方所說的理解人選差多少，然后盡量把距離拉近。先把已經符合的部分重申一次，然后再說不符合的部分，強調自己的經驗和學習能力，可以很快把差距消除。</p> <p> 　　7. How would you describe the atmosphere, the culture of this company?</p> <p> 　　這也是個有雙重目的的問題。就是了解公司的氣氛，文化，環境是怎樣的，是否合適自己發展;其次是可以表明自己很喜歡這種環境。可以說：&quot;I really like that. I am energized by pressure situations.&quot;</p> <p> 　　8. Was the person who held this job before me promoted?</p> <p> 　　這個問題是要知道到底是不是有空缺，同時也可以了解拿到這個位子以后下一步可以晉升到什么水平。</p> <p> 　　9. May I talk to the person who held this job previously(or who is currently doing this job)?</p> <p> 　　根據上一個問題的結果，你大概已經知道，招這個職位是因為現在在做的人升了官，辭了職，還是轉到其他的職位上去了。如果能夠面談當然好，如果不能夠，看看對方用什么理由來拒絕你，</p> <p> 　　10. Based on what I&#39;ve told you, don&#39;t you think that I could give you all that you need in this position?</p> <p> 　　就象所有的銷售人員，在末了敲定之前，都會問：&ldquo;根據我前面的介紹，你難道不認為這是筆好交易嗎?&rdquo;這個問題是為了引出一個積極的回應，絕大多數的面試人員很難在這個問題下生硬地打發你，他們很可能說Yes。</p> <p> 　　面試中總有些問題是不好回答的，招聘人員往往根據你的回答來判斷你的個人品質，工作風格和可能存在的問題。</p> <p> 　　1. Why are you leaving your present job? 你為什么要辭掉現在的工作?</p> <p> 　　在自己覺得舒服的基礎上誠實地回答，比如公司機構重組，不再需要你這個職位。或者你覺得現在工作不適合你自己的長遠職業需要等等。</p> <p> 　　2. Describe what you feel to be an ideal working environment. 形容一下你認為理想的工作環境。</p> <p> 　　這是看你對工作環境的要求。你可以說&ldquo;理想的工作環境是人人都得到公平的對待。&rdquo;To me the ideal working environment is one in which people are treated as fairly as possible. 也可以說challenging and fun workplace.</p> <p> 　　3. How would you evaluate your present firm? 你如何看待你現在工作的企業?</p> <p> 　　如果不是因為有什么過失或矛盾而要離開現在的公司，那么好說說現在公司好的一面。It&#39;s an excellent company that is regarded as one of the industry leaders.</p> <p> 　　4. In your current or last position, what features did you like the most? Least? Why? 在你現在或者上一份工作中，你喜歡和不喜歡的是什么?為什么?</p> <p> 　　對喜歡的部分照實說，對不喜歡的事情，由于始終是你職責的一部分，你好用積極的方式來說明。In my last job I had to report what I do to my manager on a daily basis. I think that I am very organized and self-supervised so daily report is not the best way of using the time of both.</p> <p> 　　5. Why haven&#39;t you found a new position before now? 為什么在這之前你沒找到一份新工作呢?</p> <p> 　　找工作不難，找份合適的就難多了。這里強調你是有選擇地求職，旨在找到對口的位置。</p> <p> 　　6. What do you think of your boss? 你對你現在的上司怎么看?</p> <p> 　　盡量講好的方面。一般招聘人員都不喜歡聽你講以前老板的壞話，盡管真假難以查考。</p> <p> 　　7. How do you resolve conflict on a project team? 在一個團隊中你如何解決矛盾?</p> <p> 　　溝通是重要的，要理解各方的真正要求。開始會私下進行了解。Communication is very important to resolve conflict. First I would discuss the issues privately with the team members involved then I will help to find out a way to settle based on the business needs.</p> <p> 　　8. Do you generally speak to people before they speak to you? 一般來說，在人們和你說話之前你會先和他們說話嗎?</p> <p> 　　看情況了。It depends on the circumstances.</p> <p> 　　9. How would you describe your own personality? 你如何形容你的個性?</p> <p> 　　根據你所應聘的公司和職位的要求來調整你的回答。有的職位要求人聽話，肯干，有的要求人有創造性，主動性。在回答以前你心中對這家公司和工作應當有一定的感覺或認識。</p> <p> 　　10. Are you a leader? 你是一個好品牌嗎?</p> <p> 　　當然是了。信不信由你，leadership領導才能在西方社會里是極受重視的，就算你是個生產線的裝配工，有領導才能也會比沒有好。所以，多多少少你也要說你有領導才能。舉幾個例子。</p> <p> 　　11. What career options do you have at the moment? 你目前的職業有些什么選擇?</p> <p> 　　講到職業選擇，應該設法和所應聘的行業和職位相連。&quot;I see three areas of interest...&quot;</p> <p> 　　12. How would you describe the essence of success? According to your definition of success, how successful have you been so far? 你如何定義成功?根據你的定義，你認為到現在為止你有多成功?</p> <p> 　　仔細想想，回答時重點強調你以往取得的成績。</p> <p> 　　13. You may be overqualified for the position we have to offer. 對我們目前招聘的職位你可能資歷過高。</p> <p> 　　這里指出由于你資歷高，公司對你的投資更小，回報更快。而且你會找到把工作做得更好的方法。并強調你看重長遠的發展。Strong companies need strong people. A growing, energetic company is rarely unable to use its employees&#39; talents.</p> <p> 　　14. What do you look for when you hire people? 當你雇人的時候你會看重什么?</p>